Sistemụ nhazi nhazi igwe

Okwu mmalite

A na-emepụta ihe owuwu ígwè site na skeleton frame nke nwere ogidi ndị kwụ ọtọ, oghere kwụ ọtọ na ihe ndị ọzọ mere site na ihe ígwè, riveted, welded or bolted together, often in a rectilinear grid.A na-ejikarị arụ ọrụ igwe eme ihe maka ọkara na elu elu, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ụlọ nkwakọba ihe na ụlọ obibi.

Uru nke ihe owuwu ígwè gụnyere:

Nkwụsi ike na ala ọma jijiji na ibufe ikuku.Mfe nke owuwu na nbibi.Oge owuwu dị mkpirikpi. Nguzogide ọkụ mgbe a na-agwọ ya. Enwere ike iji ya na ụdị ihe owuwu ndị ọzọ. Ọ dị mfe ịbanye mee ka ekpughere ya

Usoro nhazi ígwè

Isi ihe ndị dị n'ime ụlọ na-agụnye mgbidi, ala, elu ụlọ na ndị òtù nkwado nwere ike ịhazi ka ha nwee ụdị usoro nke na-enyere aka nkwụsi ike nke ụlọ ahụ dabere na ụdị ma ọ bụ ojiji nke ụlọ ahụ, ọdịdị na ike nke etinyere ya. ibu na ndụ imewe chọrọ

Mwepu mgbidi

Mgbidi na-ebu mgbidi na-agụnye mgbidi mgbidi na gburugburu na ime ụlọ ahụ na ndị òtù ígwè arụpụtara na-ejizi efere ígwè na-ebu na njedebe na arịlịka.Nhazi na owuwu nke mgbidi mgbidi na-adabere na ibu ibu na ogologo oge n'etiti nkwado ndị na-esote.

Ọ bụ ezie na oghere dị ala dị ala na-enyere aka ịbawanye elu ụlọ elu doro anya nke ụlọ ahụ, ọ na-etinyekwa ihe a chọrọ maka oghere dị nso nke ogidi ndị ahụ na ya mere na-amachi ebe oghere dị n'ala.N'aka nke ọzọ, okpokolo agba dị omimi na-enyere aka ogologo ogologo.

Ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ

Nke a bụ kọlụm-beam structural framework system, nke a na-ebufe ihe niile dị n'akụkụ na ike ndọda na nchara ígwè ma nyefee ya na ntọala.A na-eme mgbidi dị ka mgbidi ákwà mgbochi na-enweghị ibu ibu.Ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ na-enwekarị oghere spandrel, isi ma ọ bụ nke mbụ, oghere etiti ma ọ bụ nke abụọ, ogidi mgbidi na ogidi ime yana slab gbasiri ike.Maka njikọ eccentric n'etiti kọlụm na ibé, e nwere ọtụtụ usoro metụtara dị ka iji brackets metal, gusset plates na haunches nke na-enyere aka ikesa nrụgide ndị na-akpata.Shims na-enyere aka n'ime mgbanwe ahịrị na elu.Ihe nkwado akụkụ shelve na-enyere aka n'ịkọkwụnye oghere spandrel na kọlụm.

Nhazi ogologo oge

Ogologo ogologo bụ ogologo nke karịrị 12m.Ọ na-enyere aka ịnye oghere n'ala na-agbanwe agbanwe, oghere dị n'ime kọlụm n'efu, mbelata oge ihe owuwu na saịtị, na-enye ohere maka ntinye nke ọtụtụ ọrụ na ngwakọta nke oghere.A na-ejikarị ya maka nnukwu ụlọ mmepụta ihe, ụlọ mgbakọ, ụlọ ihe nkiri, ebe ngosi na ihe ndị ọzọ.

A na-eji usoro ndị a;stub girders, hunched composite beams, composite trusses, cantilever suspensions spans, folding plates, curvilinear grids, thin shells domes, cable networks, space trusses, portal frames and so on.

Ndị uwe ojii

Ndị a bụ ogwe ígwè miri emi nke na-enyere aka ịgbatị ebe dị anya.Ogologo ogologo na-adabere na ọkwa nchara girder na oke omimi dị ogologo.Giders na-arụnyere n'ụzọ dị iche iche e nwere stub girders nke span longitudinally gafee owuwu a na-ejikọta na isi girders na ngwakọ girders ndị a na-emegharị girders stiffened ibu elu ego nke ibu site na mgbakwunye na nke welded akụkụ na ma elu na ala. flanges.

Ahịhịa

Trusses nwere uru dị n'ịgba ebe dị anya n'ihi nnukwu omimi ha nwere na-eme ka ha sie ike megide mgbagha.Ụdị trusses eji arụ ọrụ ogologo oge gụnyere Pratt trusses, Warren Trusses, Fink Trusses, Scissors, Bow String na Vierendeel Trusses.Maka ozi ndị ọzọ hụ: Truss.

Enwere ike iji ụdị truss ndị a dị ka ndị isi na-akwado usoro nhazi nke ala na n'elu ụlọ.

okpokolo agba siri ike

A ghaghị iji nlezianya nyochaa ogo nke siri ike na njikọ eriri-ogidi.N'ime okpokolo agba siri ike ka emebere njikọ ka ọ buru ma oge mgbada na ike shiee.A haziri ha dị ka okpokolo agba na-aga n'ihu zuru oke site n'ogologo na ịdị elu na-anọghị nke hinges ma ọ bụ atụdo na okpueze na n'etiti etiti.

Nnukwu ntọala siri ike na-enyere aka iburu ma kesaa oge na ịkwa akwa n'ala.Maka ebumnuche akụ na ụba kwesịrị ịlele ọnọdụ ala ebe ọ nwere ike ibute ụgwọ ntọala dị elu na ọnọdụ ala ala dara ogbenye.

Arches

Enwere ike ịme arches dị ka ebe nchekwa siri ike ma ọ bụ oghere weebụ mepere emepe, nkedo atọ, ihe abụọ ma ọ bụ nke edobere.Ndị a na-adabere n'ụdị ihe nhazi a ga-eji, ike ike, arịlịka, ojiji ụlọ, ụdị ntọala na ọnọdụ ntinye.

Nchikota nke atọ nwere ike inye aka n'ebe dị anya ọbụlagodi mgbe enwere ọnọdụ ọjọọ dị ka ihu igwe dara ogbenye, ihe ndị a na-ebu ibu na ihe ndị ọzọ.Ọgba mgbanaka abụọ a tụrụ atụ esichaghị ike ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụlọ mgbanaka mgbanaka atọ.A na-eji arches ndị a kwadoro na ụlọ ndị nwere ibu dị mfe na ọnọdụ ala dị mma.